Health Promotion Package for Diabetes Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Health Promotion Package for Diabetes - Essay specimeningHealth promotion can take varied forms, depending on the concerned groups or individuals.Different constructs of wellness and well-being exist. In the context of Edna, unhomogeneous constructs atomic number 18 applicable in enhancing her well-being and health status. The constructs are multi-perspective and addresses various health concerns highlighted in the case study. Most relevant constructs includesSocial model theory of health promotion remains addressed from different perspective. It does not focus on aesculapian profession creation alone. The social model does not entirely rely on the medical model on addressing various health issues. A multi-perspective approach that includes all the individual experiences and defined places are taken into consideration in this approach. Principally, there is a correlation dynamic interaction between the social structures and the concerned human agency. In addressing the medic al conditions of Edna, a multi-perspective social model can find use in efficiently remedying her health concerns.Psychological model differs from medical model from the test that confirms and qualify an individual as sick. While the medical model whitethorn require an independent test to determine a medical condition, psychological model relies mostly on the psychological examinations that do not involve medical tests. For the case of Edna, psychological therapy may help relieve conditions such as stress due to death of the husband. Psychological model relies more than on the subjective manifestation of the condition rather than the objective determinants of a given condition.Medical model of disease management utilizes the scientific theories and doctor patient relationship in managing a disease condition. unconditional objective test are carried to determine specific condition affecting an individual. The medical models rely on the use of medicine in the management of health. F or the case of Edna, medical

Divorce's affects on children Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

disjoins affects on children - Essay eccentricEnding a marriage is not a one-time event that occurs in a courthouse, it is a process. As well, the effects that disarticulate has on the families involved are of the ut about importance, especi solelyy in regards to the children. Both the short-term and long-term effects that divorce has on children are incredibly significant, and few would stand to argue that children are not incredibly affected by divorce. Although the greatest focus of divorces effect on children is nigh sure put towards regards to the first weeks and months following the divorce, the reality is that the long-term effects are often times the most critical. In order to come to a clearer and more knowledgeable understanding on this subject matter, the tell apart of divorce itself must be thoroughly addressed, as well as the key elements in apprisal to it. The aim of this paper is to discuss the events and phases of divorce, and the effect that divorce has on c hildren. This is what will be dissertated in the following.Divorce is an intensely stressful experience for all children, regardless of their age or developmental level however, statistics immortalise that is especially hard the younger the children are during the time of the divorce. There are many reasons for this, one of the most primary being that during the younger years of their lives, family is all the children really halt to rely on they do not produce friends to help relieve their stress and they have no one to talk to or to express themselves to. A study in 1980 found that less than 10% of children had support from adults other than relatives during the acute accent phase of the divorce. (Eleoff, 2003). This leaves them with a feeling of helplessness and loneliness, and issues like this are supremely relevant and must not be neglected or ignored. The pain which is experienced by children at the beginning of a divorce is composed of many things, such as a sense of vulne rability as the family disintegrates a ruefulness reaction to the loss of the intact family (many children do not realize that their conjure ups marriage is troubled at all to begin with) loss of the non-custodial parent a feeling of intense anger at the disruption of the family and knockout feelings of powerlessness - to name a few.It is especially difficult for younger children during the situation of divorce, in that it is harder for them to deal with the sudden onset of life change, and the neglect they often times begin to feel. The developmental considerations in response of the children are significantly more desolate in regards to the younger children preschool children (ages 3 - 5) are likely to exhibit a regression of the most recent developmental milestone achieved. Additionally, sleep disturbances and an exacerbated fear of separation from the custodial parent are common. There is usually a great deal of yearning for the non-custodial parent. During early latency (ag es 6 - 8) children often openly grieve for the departed parent. There is a noted preoccupation with fantasies that distinguishes the reactions of this age group. Children have replacement fantasies, or fantasies that their parents will happily reunite in the not-so-distant future. Also, children in this developmental stage have an especially difficult time with the concept of the permanence of the divorce. During late latency (ages 8 - 11) children experience severe feelings of anger and

How technology today affects a student's success Research Paper

How engineering at once affects a students success - Research Paper ExampleThe scientific devices, including simple tool-based applications, video devices, online repositories, computers and handheld devices, bewilder found wide application in various skill psychiatric hospitals and among students across the globe. Thus, this research paper aims at analyzing how technology has caused students to experience success through accessibility of materials, choice of convenient learning styles and enhancement of technological proficiency. Technology makes learning materials available to students, thus greater access, which increases the body of knowledge from which students learn from. Web browsers declare oneself students with opportunities to find information on some(prenominal) subject. In fact, they provide more current materials than most aim libraries do (Gemmill, and Peterson 281). Among the materials that students stand to benefit from the lucre include up-to-date tutorials a nd research papers. Software tools like spreadsheets, imitate maps and databases allow these students to organize and evaluate whatever data they access online. In addition, the accessed materials teach students to create seduce that depicts a high sense of professionalism, thus expanding the knowledge of much(prenominal) students. Another important information which technology, specially the Internet, provides include comparison information on various learning institutions (Rambe 272). When seeking for an institution that would meet a students needs, it would be critical to cop information on the various available options. The Internet provides information on the location, specialties and fees structure of such institutions. Furthermore, the global rankings of such institutions help students make informed choices of which institution to join. Rightful decisions enhance the desirable performance among students. Secondly, technology provides more convenient learning approaches which make learning comfortable and consequently boost students concentration in academics. In classrooms, many teachers have adopted digital media to foster students skills. According to (Muir-Herzig 114), teachers use technological applications to simulate historical-world phenomena to enable students execute authentic assignments as real workers would. Audio and video technology stimulates young minds which facilitates learning. The incorporation of pictures, animation and sound makes multimedia enhance recalling of base facts among students as well as enhancing their understating of systems considered to be complex. Technology allows for learning in an institution of choice from whatever location in the world through distance learning which enables students to learn conveniently. The constructivist learning and teaching model cited by Muir-Herzig (114) indicates that due to the complexity of tasks brought about by technology, students motivation to learn increases. For example , as observed from a study by Gulek and Demirtas (29), students using laptops engage more in collaborative work than those without and further get motivated in writing their assignments, producing high quality work of greater length. They explore topics on their own, disbursement more time working on their school projects. The collaboration with other students through appropriate platforms such as social media enables students to tap into the available opportunities (Rambe 272). Whatever the preferred mode of learning, students leverage on technology to

Pax Romana. Read up on it in your textbook and then write a three-four Research Paper

Pax papisticala. Read up on it in your textual matter and then write a three-four page on those emperors who you think were good ( an - Research Paper poserThey made possible the prosperous trades by which papistic civilization acquired rich imports of Chinese, Persian rugs, Arabian perfumes, Phoenician purple dyes, Indonesian spices, as well as Greek porcelains and Indian fabrics. As such, during the reign of Roman emperor butterfly Trajan (A.D. 53 A.D. 117), a Spanish military commander, there had been rigorous efforts to construct useful buildings for Romans. Among his spacious achievements besides facilitating extensive projects on building public structures, Trajan is additionally recognized for his policies on social eudaemonia and conquests in the east. Because of him, Rome would stand in pride even in modern times delinquent to Trajans Forum, Trajans Market, and Trajans Column which were all erected upon implementation of his successful program. Similarly, the rule o f Roman Emperor Hadrian (76 A.D. - 138 A.D.)brought wealth and security for the empire the time he eradicated the territorial expansion of Rome and fortified Roman boundaries upon construction of several Walls of Hadrian. ... Apparently, Trajan and Hadrian did make salutary emperors of Rome based on the aforementioned accomplishments from which I bath perceive how they took care of the entire citizenry by focusing on provisions and works that alter the empire and strengthened healthy socio-political relations among people who looked up to leaders whose ideals were far from corrupt and egoistical inclinations. Together with the other three good emperors namely Nerva, Antonius Pius, and Marcus Aurelius, they had been able to establish a kind of administration that consisted of officials who advanced peoples interests and worked for the empire with large sense of integrity and heart. To this extent, I must passing commend Roman Emperor Marcus Aurelius (A.D. 161 A.D. 180) for all the good vibes felt by the empire extinct of his exceeding humble goodness. His wonderful character trait basically demonstrated the capacity to share royal powers like the treatment he gave to Lucius Aurelius Verus and his predecessor Antonius Pius whose wishes were granted after his regime. Marcus Aurelius is such a remarkable emperor for bearing not just the knowledge of good leadership but even of refined apprehension since he was widely known and acclaimed for being a writer and philosopher of the Stoic school of thought. As a philosopher-king of his time, he authored exemplary works such as the Meditations along with the writings which manifested wisdom of truth and smasher of reason. At this point, I could quite imagine how the needs of each citizen were sincerely taken care of by the rule of such an emperor who, by his nature, respected and employed moral virtues of philosophy

International finance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

International finance - Essay ExampleThis traditional system increased the extremity for the bankers to carefully evaluate the creditworthiness of debtors. However, as the years passed, a huge change was observed in the faultless system of raising and borrowing funds. Under the new system it was observed that brokers started raising funds and add it to the borrowers instead of the bankers. This particular process was termed as originate and distribute model wherein the brokers were paid depending upon the number of mortgages they sell to the borrowers. This in turn played a huge role in causing the financial crisis, as the brokers were not concerned whether the borrowers defaulted from the mortgage owing to limited liability in the transaction instead they were unless concerned about selling more number of mortgages. Consequently, the economies of numerous Asian and European nations were adversely change by the US securitization system. For instance, there was a 4% fall in the G DP of Japan in the year 2009 wherein there was heavy decline in the overall industrial production of the nation repayable to which, its economy suffered largely. Thus, it was considered that one of the major causes for the financial crisis was due to the change in the U.S. mortgage industry (Allen and Carletti, 1-43). globular imbalances and the advent of the US housing bubble were also considered as a cause for the financial crisis universe faced by the economy of various nations. It was believed that spherical imbalances resulted in bursting the US housing bubble, due to which, the global financial crisis occurred. Correspondingly, it is argued that the global imbalances was a result of economic policies framed in the East Asian regions, export-led education strategy, undervaluation of the exchange rate in China and accrual of global reserves that was driven by self-insurance purposes. Export-led culture strategy was also considered as a cause due to the

Clinical neural scaffold for olfactory ensheathing cells Thesis

clinical neural scaffold for olfactory ensheathing cells - Thesis ExampleIt is known that UV can degrade polymer. preliminary studies showed that UV wavelength of 250 nm can cleave poly (methyl methacrylate), a standard polymer to its monomer methyl methacrylate and gases (Srinivasan, Braren, & Casey, 1990). Increasing the duration of the sterilization also increased damage to the polymer structure (Shearer, Ellis, Perera, & Chaudhuri, 2005)Recently, UV has been shown to induce significant degradation of PLGC and P(LLA-CL) nanofibers (Yixiang, Yong, Liao, Chan, & Ramakrishna, 2008). The degradation by UV of electrospun nanofibers can be exploited for the fabrication of 3D nano muscular scaffolds with micropores. For the ethanol sterilization, the global structure of the fibrous mesh shrank in size, detaching part of the fastened portion of the mesh from the membrane insert Investigation on two different scaffolds showed that ethanol sterilization also resulted in damage to the pol ymer (Shearer, Ellis, Perera, & Chaudhuri, 2005). Digital image digest from SEM images, showed that average fibre diameter expanded by 21.1% (EOa= 1.08m EOb=0.89 m) (Error Reference seminal fluid non found). ... been the sterilization process of choice in electrospun PLGA nanofiber scaffold for inducing the continuous differentation of mesenchymal stem cells, chondrogenic and osteogThe PMMA membrane inserts were inert to totally sterilization processes. enic lineages (Xin, Hussain, & Mao, 2007). Ethylene oxide sterilization had no effect on the inherent viscosity, glass transition temperature and automatic properties of 8218 poly(l-lactic acid)-poly(glycolic acid) used on craniofacial plates. The in vitro hydrolysis rates and mechanical strength loss were not also stired providing evidence that ethylene oxide sterilization cycle agrees well with copolymer plates and thus should not affect clinical performance (Pietrzak, 2010). 14.2 Cellular Response on Scaffold Functionalizati on Scaffolds to encourage cell growth and specialty must mimic not only the biological but also the physical properties of the extracellular matrix. Functionalization of the engineered scaffolds aims to break surface properties towards cell differentiation and proliferation. The high fidelity of the submicron scale features and dimension in the PLGA electrospun fibres mesh aft(prenominal) coating and air-drying was verified through SEM (Error Reference source not foundC, E, G, I). The effect of nanofibres functionalization was then studied by analysing the cellular responses on the nanofibres.After four days in culture, the responses of seeded purified OEC on the four types of functionalization were investigated using immunofluorescence microscopy. every four coatings (collagen, laminin, pLL and pDL) promoted cell attachment, when compared to the non-functionalized PLGA electrospun nanofibres mesh (Error Reference source not foundD, F, H, J vs. Error Reference source not foundA) . All four

Network Design management (Dissertation) Literature review

Network Design management (Dissertation) - Literature review Example notional framework OSI reference model The OSI model (operation clays interconnection) is used to distribute the internal activities of a converses system into a number of bottoms (Kozierok, 2005). The model distributes the communication system into seven different logical points where each layer is designed to perform a unique function. The seven layers argon given below Layer 1 The archetypal layer is known as the somatogenetic layer. The first layer is used to specify the physical and electrical needs of the device. The physical layer basically provides a connection between the transmission strength i.e. the communication cable and the device itself. Other than that the physical layer sets up the connection with the communicating device, terminates the communication and the conversion of digital entropy into analogue signals (Kozierok, 2005). Layer 2 The second layer of the OSI model is the entropy link layer. The data link layer is responsible for detecting any errors that occur at the first level of the device. In addition the data link layer also handles the flow control of the packets of data. The data link layer is divided into two parts the macintosh (Media Access Control) layer and the LLC (Logical Link Control) layer. The MAC layer handles all the activities that allow the device to gain permission to access a network and to gestate the data packet. While the LLC layer is responsible for handling the flow control, error checking and flow control of the data packet (Kozierok, 2005). Layer 3 The third layer is called the network layer and it creates virtual paths on which the data packet is transmitted. Moreover the network layer is responsible for congestion control and addressing the packet (Kozierok, 2005). Layer 4 The fourth layer is the transport layer ensures that the entire data packet layer is transferred from the vectors end to the receivers end. Layer 5 The ses sion layer is responsible for establishing sessions between the senders finishings and the receivers application. Layer 6 The presentation layer encrypts and decrypts the message from the data packet. The application layer transforms the data into a form that the application can understand. The application layer encrypts the data in such a way that data transferred faces no compatibility issues (Kozierok, 2005). Layer 7 The application layer is the layer with which the user has the most interaction. The application layer supports all the user applications and the users activities. User authentication, musical note of service and privacy are taken into account at this layer (Kozierok, 2005). E-governance engineering methodology in that respect has been a lot of work and research carried out regarding the performance measurements used within the public sector. criterion the service quality and performance monitoring are just some of examples where significant progress has been mad e. However, thither always has been an issue of how these factors are to be integrated with various process of designing and development processes that are regularly used for e-governance projects (Carter et al., 1995). By adopting and implementing the correct methodology the integration of e-governance process and planning and designing operate could become a possibility. There have been a

Middle Eastern Studies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Middle Eastern Studies - Essay ExampleThe Arab Spring of 1919 emerged soon after the expiry of World War 1 gestured to the emergence of pan-Arabism that called for unity of all Arabs against the European led partition and control of the Middle East (Gelvin). Common features of these nationalistic movements-present now as before- include 1. A unique mass defined by language, ethnicity, religion and historical traditions 2. A belief that, despite the passage of time, nations retained their native characteristics Of these state-building and nationalism proceedings, the Syrian revolution is seemingly the bloodiest and longest that has seen massive infrastructural damage and civilian casualties. All nationalists weigh in the existence of a common interest which is the sole role of the sovereign state in its provision. However, in the modern demesne this nationalism-as an ideology and in practice-is not restricted to the interest of the sovereign nationals. The occasion of the Unite d States in the governance of Middle East states is treated with much criticism and skeptic. Its meddling in the Middle Eastern affairs is perceived in light of the massive oil and natural atom smasher resources within the neck of the woods. In particular, the US purported support for (and silence over) the continued annexation of Palestinian land by Israel and its relentless attack of Afghanistan and Iraq has been seen in stark contrast to its claim of democracy. This is based on the understanding that confessedly nationalism and thus democracy should represent the authentic identity and sovereign aspirations of the local or native people. There are three primary ways through which a state can gravel food for its citizenry through agricultural production, through imports and through food aid. The Middle East is incapable(p) of growing enough food to sustain its population (Richards and Waterbury). The region is the originations least self-sufficient in terms of food due to th e mismatch in supply and demand. The region has seen an escalated rise in demand characterized by an increased life expectancy of 25 years since the 1970s the highest in the world since 1970. The infant mortality rate is given as 44 per 1000 persons, which is well below the worlds average and that of less developed states, which are pegged at 54 and 59 respectively (Richards and Waterbury). Food-sufficiency is intimately physically impossible and economically it is undesirable. Why is this so? Firstly, the region (being vastly of desert and semi-arid conditions) experiences high weewee supply constraint. The regions renewable water supply per capita dropped from highs of 3500 cubic meters in 1960 to a paltry and lessen level of 1250 cubic meters. This situation is attributed to a rising population, rapid urbanization and the increased use of water for irrigating purposes. Therefore, the consumption of water for industrial and domestic use has been found by policy makers within t he region to be of higher economic value than for agricultural purposes (Richards and Waterbury). Secondly, the concept of food self-sufficiency is entirely diverse from food security. The former relates to the ability to produce enough agricultural products to meet the consuming public. The latter, however, is more concenter on the pertinent needs of individuals over a reasonable guarantee of having a proper meal. The focus of policy

Database Applications Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Database Applications - Research Paper ExampleArnisted2 (2001) categorizes and differentiate these softwares as family software and business software depending upon have-to doe with info, medical records, hobbies, educational records, wish lists, diary, journal, etcetera Groupware, also called as collaborative software, is an elementary component of a field of study known as Computer-Supported Cooperative Work or CSCW3. A few examples stern be listed as Microsoft Exchange, MediaWiki, WetPaint, and ClassroomLive2.0 and so on. 2) What kinds of things do groupware users do with data? How does that data have to be tempered? In general there are three functions of groupware, enabling human to converse, transact and collaborate the information and knowledge (also termed as data), about self and others. Groupware users use data into several ways and for several purposes including sharing, analyzing, creating, discussing, debating, planning, summarizing, concluding, etc. Since data is a unique signifi canfult aspect for human individual/group identity, this must be used and shared with utmost care. This can be used for semantic purposes, and, sometimes, can be use too. Ample privacy and security of the data should be of prime concern while treating with this data. 3) Who pays the costs of groupware deployment? Who receives the benefits? Groupware can be freeware or shareware or authoring.

The Playboy of the Modern World Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Playboy of the Modern World - Movie Review ExampleIt is as if we transported back in time. We were there when Christy claimed to have killed his father. We were there when Pegeen and Widow quint lashed at each other(a) so as to take custody of liar Christy. It is said that the productions ability to project the setting as if it was tangible that make it a classic. (Zarrilli, 2002)My first impression in reading the title of the production was that it involved some sort of implied sexual material. However, I was faced with a setting from an Irish community whose history tells us to be very religious and of conservative type. How were the operators going to mix conservatism with sexu tot on the wholeyy implicit material Watching the whole film, I was able to appreciate how the actors retained having a conservative look wholly the while making the auditory sense feel the sexual tension in the story. For example, even though Pegeen was all covered in rags, her physical attract iveness and expressiveness was enough to generate sublimated sexual energy and so does Christy whose seemingly innocent face suddenly embellishes the production with sexuality when he smiles devilishly. The actress playing the Widow Quin was also very effective in projecting her character as a woman desperately trying to find a man thru her expressiveness, eye movements and daunting smile.Besides from being skilled in internalization and generation of emotional and physical conditions that are needed for the scene, actors must also possess steady-going vocal projection, clarity of speech and capacity to emulate diction and accents. The actors/actresses possessed rather loud joins and pronounced words so clearly that the audience can easily perceive the message they were trying to relate. The audience was not left with questions of what the actor was trying to say the occurrence of which diminishes the effective projection of the scene. What is my measure of all this claims that I have made I came with this conclusion when I observed myself laughing at the statements made by the characters. For example, I was able to appreciate the statement made by Christy when he stated that he should have killed his father a long time ago if he knew that it could be the reason for women bit each other for him. I would not have been able to appreciate that remark without hearing the voice of the actor. It is also noteworthy how Pegeens physical style made her well suited for a comedy with incorrupt intonations. She had impeccable timing and superb reaction skills making her an actress that takes less time to convey a comedic trice than most actresses do. A body gesture communicates faster than the spoken word, and the lightning-fast pace of the shows comedy was often maintained by her involvement.2.0 FaustusThe very first struggle that can be presumed to be experienced by the actors in the Faustus production is how to internalize the character of devils such that projec tion is effectively achieved. Instead of costumes and facial expressions that would indicate a devil character, they brilliantly resorted to physical movements. In this venture, we see how the actors effectively moved so that they appeared to be deleterious as devils are. Nonetheless, they seem to be lacking expressiveness as the aura seems to be rather lacking of interest.The actor who played Faustus failed to some degree in the projection of his character. Faustus was a man who was torn between natural philosophy and

Museum of Islamic Art in Qatar Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Museum of Islamic Art in Qatar - Assignment ExampleCollection of Islamic artifacts is exceptional. Museum showcases collection of metal work, ceramics, woodwork, jewelry, glass work, six hundred artifacts of bead and silk inscribed with Arabic inscriptions, imperial tents of Iran decorated with gold thread, curtains decorated with calligraphy, collections of ancient Quran and Christian calligraphy. audio tours in different languages are also exhibited. To make it operations highly professional museum consults British Museum. A museum has a staff of approximately 160. Apart from epic artwork Museum of Islamic Art, Doha also has an brilliant bookshop and children art workshop. Its also planning to provide research activities, support local education, auditorium and quintuple star restaurants. Outside the museum people can also enjoy boating. Museum is surrounded by large jet with well-maintained gardens that increases its external scenic beauty. In short, Museum of Islamic Art is pretty beneficial for the arts.

Emerging Market in China Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Emerging Market in China - Research Paper useCavusgil et al., (2002) stated that the term of rising market has been used to generalize the meaning of developing country in characterizing low-income level economies. This was a term first mentioned by Antoine W.Van Agtmael, of the International Finance Corporation. It was, however, unclear how to exactly institutionalise a definition of an emerging market back then. Some observers defined it as an extremely low-income economies infra the umbrella of emerging market. Some observers included countries that experience a dramatic increase in monetary value of economic growth, and the rest of the countries not considered developed (Pacek et al. 2007). Emerging market countries have many characteristics in familiar describing their developing countries. They usually have a substantial agricultural region in between the homespun and urban beas. Other characteristics include low productivity, poor level of building the foundation, poor education and nutrition. However, countries with these characteristics mustiness have positive momentum in economies and development. According to The World Banks definition, emerging deliverance has an average per capita income of less than approximately 9000 USD and is maintaining a great economic transformation.Characteristics of an emerging marketThere are several aspects that are shared by emerging economies in terms of economic, technological, sociocultural and political aspects. In economic terms, emerging markets have been favoured by some of the fastest growth rate in the world.

Haitian revolution Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Haitian revolution - Essay ExampleThis meant more slave labor among the Africans who made up the majority of the population. Later, in 1971, the mixed-race group planned a huge revolution demanding for their civil rights, whereas, the whites divided into royalists structure tension between these groups. The violent revolution was aimed at achieving racial equality, slavery end, and nations independence. I agree with the fact that the Haitian revolution was out-of-the-way(prenominal) more revolutionary than the American because despite tremendous human, financial and affectionate expenditures, the Haitian revolution was successful in instilling the concepts of democracy and equality far beyond the levels achieved by the American Revolution. In addition, the Haitians were focused in eliminating slavery as one of their political objectives. This was achieved because it later became an independent country with same racial rights and no slavery, whereas, the United States of America o nly had a representative administration, where only the minority male population were allowed to vote and slavery was still practiced. Although the Haitian economy, social and political status faced destruction, it finally achieved its political

Malcolm Gladwells 'Blink' Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Malcolm Gladwells Blink - judge ExampleFor one, Gladwell is on a sticky wicket. The techniques and reasons are too complex to explain. For another, Gladwell knows what he is talking about. And finally, everyone else knows what Gladwell is talking about.On the spur moment decision, off the cuff remarks, gut feelings, intuition, quick thinking, customarily yield collateral results, oftentimes because the person making the decisions and statements know very well what is going on and the reasons behind his or her decisions.Anyone who has read Blink may understand the authors core issue. In simple terms, he is talking about the position of perception. One finds it difficult to disagree with the notion that he or she has never been in a moorage when an intuitive stand or decision yielded positive results. The situation may be as change as the ones author has touched upon, viz. deciding whether a statue is a fake, deciding whether a operating surgeon is likely to get sued for malpract ice, and deciding whether the inhabitant of a particular dorm room is likely to be conscientious.In each case on which the author has elaborated the one making the decision did so with minimum learning on hand, two seconds to decide, and with formidable consequences should the decision go wrong.Dr Atul Gawande is more succinct on the issue. ... Dr Atul Gawande is more succinct on the issue. In his book, The Bell Curve. he cites examples of the Cincinnati Childrens Hospital and Fairview Universitys Hospital at Minneapolis to expatiate background, the prevalent status, and the determination to turn around from mediocre to achievements, by skilled team of doctors to improve results from at a lower place average practitioners to trail blazers. They do so without any recourse to fresh medical training. They do so with determination, discipline and professional aggressiveness to ensure patients recovery. Gawandes point of view is that it is not only professional reserve and capabiliti es, but practice and personal determination to succeed that drives one to achieve feats which may otherwise liveliness impossible. Atul Gawande.1Correlation and Calculation In the instances of both Malcolm Gladwell and Atul Gawande the risk factors are overwhelming and possible solutions depend on thin slicing - filtering the very few factors that matter from an overwhelming number of variables. Malcolm Gladwell.2Normally everyone is taught not to make hasty decisions, breast before leaping, think, look at all angles, dont go by feelings, and to make maximum efforts at information gathering and consultation before making a decision. However, not everyone is instructed on how to go about discourse a life and death situation, a crisis, walking tightrope over the Niagara, or accompany a dummy up relative on his or her last walk to the gallows. Moreover, it is natural to pass the buck in a crisis situation or as a last resort, leave difficult, dangerous, embarrassing, debilitating s ituations to the Almighty in requester The person facing the crisis is a lone ranger facing the most unfortunate situation in his or her life.

Ethical and Legal Issues in the Workplace Essay - 1

Ethical and Legal Issues in the Workplace - Essay ExampleIn this age of globalization it is believed that a diverse workforce increases the force of an face but it is also realized that the issues related to HRD need to be tackled efficiently by the HRM. HRD improves the trading performance by harnessing the man-to-man talents of the employees from diverse background. The talents are no more limited to a bad-tempered demographic group and a diverse culture in workplace enhances organizational potential by exploiting individual potentials. Therefore, HR managers need to promote positive relationship among the employees of diverse background for both individual and organizational growth and performance. HRD is beneficial for organizations in many ways but it poses many threats and challenges also for the organization and HR managers need to have insight for these threats and challenges to harness the benefits of diverse workforce ( Balogun, 2003 ). Diversity is increasing with cl ipping and presently 25% of the American workforce is represented by a foreign-born or a minority and women comprise almost half of the workforce. The increasing trend of diversity in workplace has influenced the homophile resource anxiety and development in an organization substantially posing specific issues and challenges for hiring, management, development, and/or memory practices. The aim of the paper is to address to these issues and challenges. For this objective, a case study of Managing diversity at Cityside Financial serviceis done in the paper and specifically one ethical and one legal issue to strategical talent management and development is described for better understanding of the issues and recommendations for tackling those issues and challenges by the human resource management are also made in the paper ( Balogun, 2003 ). Diversity in workplace is beneficial in many ways for organizations, but it poses some

Indigenous Australians Study - Groups Experiencing Inequality Essay Example for Free

autochthonal Australians Study Groups Experiencing Inequality Essay517,000 wad or 2. 5% of the total Australian population is ATSI. In 2006, the ATSI population had a median age of 21 years compared with 37 years for the non- autochthonal population. In June 2006, 32% of ATSIs muckle living in major cities, 43% in regional areas, and 25% in remote areas. MORTALITY Life expectancy for indigen and Torres offer islander men is 67. 2 years where for non-indigenous men it is 78. 7 years. For Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women, their life expectancy is 72. 9 years and 82.6 years for non-Indigenous women Male Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander infant deathrate in the Northern land was about 15 deaths per 1,000 sustain births, while female Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander infant mortality was 12 deaths per 1,000. For non-Indigenous males the rate was 4. 4 deaths per 1,000 births and for females it was 3. 3 deaths per 1,000 The main causes of death is diseases of the circulatory system (668 or 25. 7%), Neoplasms (495 or 19. 0%), External causes of mortality (353 or 13. 6%) and Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases (251 or 9.7%) accounted for just over two-thirds (68. 0%) of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander deaths. MORBIDITY Main causes of poor health Asthma Heart and circulatory problems/diseases Hearing loss and diseases of the ear Diabetes Kidney Disease Asthma was reported by around one in seven Indigenous Australians (15%) in 2004-05 ATSI people were 1. 6 times much in all likelihood to report asthma as non-Indigenous people. Asthma was reported almost twice as oftentimes in non-remote areas (17%) as in remote areas (9%) with ATSIs. Indigenous people were 1.3 times more likely than non-Indigenous people to report heart disease and/or circulatory problems Around one in octad Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people (12%) reported ear diseases and/or hearing problems in 2004-05, compared to 15% reported in 2001 In 2004-05, half the adult Indigenous population (50%) were current daily smokers. Indigenous adults are more than twice as likely as non-Indigenous adults to be current daily smokers. In 2004-05, around half of all Indigenous adults (49%) reported having consumed alcohol in the week prior to interview, of whom trio (16%) reported drinking at run a risky/high risk levels.The sociocultural, socioeconomic and environmental determinants. Indigenous people are generally less healthy than other Australians, have lower life expectancy, higher levels of damage and a lower quality of life. The contributors to their poorer levels of health imply SOCIOCULTURAL DETERMINANTS Cultural divisions and conflicts since the European settlement -In 2008 only when 19% of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people aged 15 years and over and 13% of children (314 years) spoke an Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander language.-In 2008, almost one-third (31%) of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander chil dren aged 314 years spent at least one solar day a week with an Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander leader or elder. -More Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people are identifying with a clan, tribal or language group, increased from 54% in 2002 to 62% in 2008 Social factors ATSI reported sense of loss of mark off of their own lives due to communal approaches to family, standoffishness of communities and incompatibility with educational institutions and legal systems.2008 AIHW emphasises that these social determinants clearly increase the likelihood of exposure to health risk factors such as -Tobacco use 50% of ATSI, twice as high as non-ATSI -Alcohol consumption 1 in 6 reported chronic levels of risky drinking -Illicit drug use twice the standard of reported illicit drug use SOCIOECONOMIC DETERMINANTS -The 1981 National Population and Housing Census indicated that the yearly Aboriginal income per head was approximately one-half of that of the Australian population as a whole.-Lower incomes in ATSI sexual congress to non-ATSI still persist, in 2006 median household incomes was only 55% of non-ATSI -More Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people completed Year 12 22% (of people aged 15 years and over) in 2008, up from 18% in 2002. -The unemployment rate for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians fell from 23% in 2002 to 17% in 2008, but remained more than three times higher than the rate for non-Indigenous Australians (5% in 2008).ENVIRONMENTAL DETERMINANTS -Most (76%) of Aboriginals live in major cities and have access to adequate health care, clean water -Remote communities are abnormal by water shortages and poorer health run -Communication barriers exist The roles of individuals, communities and governments in addressing the health inequities. INDIVIDUALS Individuals in groups experiencing health inequities should revolve around solely on being as healthy as possible in their given circumstances.This implicates the control o f modifiable determinants of health and the utilisation of health work that are being provided. Modifiable determinants of health include -Diet -Exercise -Smokers status Non-modifiable determinants of health include -Age -Gender -Culture (role models within culture, social norms within culture etc) -Socioeconomic status -Geographic location -Access to health run -Education COMMUNITIES health care services may not be accessed due to -Location of health services in relation to home -Cost.-Cultural barriers (if it is not something that family members have done, others may not be inclined to do it) -Time (a full-time student or mother for example may not have time to go out of their way to get screening or testing done) Some services that are provided include -All initiatives of Close the Gap program -COAG Mental Health Mental Health services in rustic and Remote Areas (MHSRRA) -Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Aged Care Workforce Employment and Training Funding -Mobile dental consonant Services (Closing the Gap Indigenous dental services in rural and regional areas) -Substance Use Combating natural gas Sniffing.-Northern Territory Remote Health Workforce Child Abuse Training and Development -Mobile Outreach Service (MOS) Health services aim to -Increase life expectancy of ATSI -Provide better education opportunities for students and ensure work placement for those who await tertiary schools to increase attendance and completion of secondary school -Increase access to health services for the utility of prevalence and incidence of illness and disease GOVERNMENTS.Organisations in charge of the health of ATSI peoples -The Australian Government section of Health Rural and Regional Health + Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health -NACCHO The National Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Organisation -AHMRC The Aboriginal Health and Medical Research Council of NSW Some health services being implemented to ATSI peoples at a government level -Close t he Gap -Healthy For Life -Strong Fathers Strong Families.-National coalition Agreement for Indigenous Early Childhood Development (NPA IECD) -New Directions Mothers and Babies Services Indigenous Health National coalition Agreement 5 Priority Areas of Bettering Aboriginal Health 1. Tackling Smoking 2. Primary health care services that can deliver 3. Fixing the gaps and improving the patient journey 4. Providing a healthy transition to matureness 5. Making Indigenous health everyones business.

Environmental Depletion Essay Example for Free

Environmental Depletion Essay1. Individuals are affected by the milieu in different ways. The surroundings is an essential element in publics daily sustenance. The environment is the source of fresh air which humans tip in order to live, the source of fruits and vegetables that are necessary for the better functioning of the body, and the guard taker of nature which provides man with a serene view of the world. The environment is also the source of trees and other raw materials that are use in the production of the basic needs of the modern world. The environment aids man in so many ways that living without it is totally indispensable for the survival of man. However, the many blessings and benefits which man derives from the environment throw caused greed and abuse. The environment, as many theorize is very sick because of mans lack of concern for it. Instead of melodic line to preserve and/ or cultivate all that the environment has to broaden, man continues to abuse an d show lack of care for the environment. Thus, the world now is experiencing too many nature related tragedies.The tragedies that are happening and the climate changes as well as global warming are all the result of mans depletion of the earths natural resource. Everything which the environment has to offer has been continually abused by man and utilized commercially to satisfy their greed for profit. What man forgets is that whatever he does with the environment go out be done to him two fold.Aside from the physical effects, changes in the environment can also squander physiologic and psychological effects to man. If the modeature is hot and dry, man tends to be sweaty and hungry(p) while if the temperature is cold, the body of man tends to cling on to something that testament provide him warmth. Psychologically, a hot temperature forget most likely cause man to be easily irritated and annoyed. More often than not, the diligence is man is shorter when it is hot as compared w hen the temperature is cold.In addition, if the environment to which man lives in is rowdy or in chaos or there is too much defilement, the tendency of man is also to feel and passage in chaos whereas if the environment is serene, man, most often than not, pass on feel relaxed and relieved. A busy and herd environment may lead to stress but a lax setting may temper the mind and vox populis of man.Individuals, generally, act in accordance with what they see and feel from the environment. There are only a few mint who do not feel affected with what is happening in their environment, these are the people who have high tolerance and have a high sense of discipline to detach themselves from the environment where they are.2. In the past five years, there has been an increased awareness in the environment because man has been feeling the wrath of nature. The effects of the pollution of the water, the seas and rivers, the air and the noise pollution that are felt world unspecific are s tarting to cause serious trouble to mans daily existence. There has been too much pollution around that man can hardly enjoy the benefits which nature used to offer. The climate changes, global warming, extermination of defines, animals and fishes, melting of glaciers and scarcity of natural resources such as water, trees and animals have caused man difficulties. In some separate of the world, such as Africa, water scarcity is very prevalent (Arriens, 2007). The people there hardly have any water to drink, cook and bath. In the years to come, it has been predicted by several scientists and researchers that water scarcity will be felt in a greater degree.If there is water scarcity, almost all resources will be affected. Lack of water will also deprive man to cultivate the soil and plant fruits, vegetables and rich thus there will be food shortage. Cost of products bought in the market will also rise. The lesser products there are available, the higher is the cost.The fear of man to experience all of these indecorous effects is the reason why there has been an increased awareness of the environment, which I believe is just right. domain needs to protect and preserve the blessings of nature in order to live longer and enjoy look better.

Elizabeth asks Proctor Essay Example for Free

Elizabeth asks monitor Essay monitoring device tells Danforth that Elizabeth knew that she was a harlot and kicked her out of their service. So Danforth decides to call Elizabeth to verify the accusation. Proctor and Abigail ar told to turn around and non turn to face Elizabeth when she is brought in. They do as they are told. When Elizabeth enters she is told not to come across at either of the other two, only at him. He generates by asking her why she discount Abigail from their service. Elizabeth tells them that Abigail dissatisfied her, and that also she thought that her husband was turning from her and began to homogeneous Abigail.Elizabeth I came to think he visualise her. And so unrivalled night I lost my wits, I think, and put her out on the highroad. simply she does not tell the judges that Proctor committed the crime of adultery. At this point Elizabeth doesnt know how a good deal trouble she has got her husband into and this is dramatic irony because we k now that Elizabeth must tell the truth of Proctor crimes in order to save his life that she doesnt know that. So, naturally, she tells the judges a lie, thinking she is actually deliver his life. This is one of the biggest ironies of the play and affects the unanimous outcome of it.Danforth is now convinced that Proctor was lying. He is given a chance to blackleg to his crimes and free himself from the devil. Proctor, being a man of honour and truth, refuses to confess to something he didnt do. Proctor had a chance to save his life but didnt take it. Instead, in his rage and anger, he shouts out Proctor I-I say god is dead This tells us that Proctor cares more about his name than his life. Danforth hence arrests Proctor for contempt of court and of being a witch. Many days pass since the fiasco at the court.On the morning of the day of Proctors hanging, Proctor is given a last and final chance to confess to his crimes. Elizabeth is brought out to try and convince her husband to confess. There seems to be some hope when Proctor half heartedly agrees to the terms. Proctor I want my life. But then, Proctor is asked to sign his name on a newspaper to prove his confession. This is to be stuck all over the village, but his guilt and shame to confessing to false charges overwhelm him and he withdraws. He asks if he could just orally say his confession, but Danforth wants him to sign it as proof.Proctor does not want to sign away his name on a contract. Proctor (with a cry of his whole soul) Because it is my name Because I cannot have another in my life. Because I lie and sign myself to lies Because I am not worth the dust on the feet of them that hang How may I live without my name? I have given you my soul leave me my name (Act 4, Page 115) Again, here he could have good saved his life but Proctor is extremely cautious of what others think of him, and believes that if he did sign, people would begin to call him a traitor. Elizabeth fully understands his deci sion and says her final farewells.The parallels between Proctor and miller, and the two periods in time, are evident in the last scene. Proctor refused to give names of people to Danforth just as Miller did when he was asked for the names of those who may be a threat to America. Also, all of the allegations made on the some(prenominal) of them were false. These times were of hysteria and suspicion. People were willing to believe in anything that promised peace and calm afterwards. So Danforth had the delimitation in his time, just as McCarthy did in his. Proctor had many chances to save his life in the play, but he never took the chance, and he paid for it dearly.There were many routes he could have taken in order to save his life or even get revenge on Abigail. The main one being that he could have signed the confession and get it over with. But as I said, he did not want to sign his name away, or be freed, only to be detested by his neighbours. He could have, and did in the en d, taken the stand against the evil in the village and use himself as an example to others. Also he could have shown that the deaths in Salem only happened for the selfish desires of people like Danforth and the Putnams. Last of all, he could have got himself hanged to get revenge on Abigail.If she loved Proctor, then she would be in deep sorry if Proctor was killed. But this is one of the more strange reasons. Personally, I think that he could have saved his life by signing the paper and confessing. If he loved his family as much as he says he does, then he should have done it just so he could be with his family again. Then again, there are some disadvantages to this. Firstly his neighbours wont like him because he was one time accused of being a witch. People will point the finger at him and his family for not deliverance their friends lives.But for them, that is not much of a problem seeing as their house is outside of Salem. entirely in all, Proctor could have saved his life but didnt only because of his pride and vanity. He never wanted to be thought unpleasantly of in the village, and for his own selfish reason, got himself hung, and I believe that he was wrong to do so. Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student write piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Arthur Miller section.

This Book is Not a Tree Essay Example for Free

This Book is Not a shoetree EssayThe introduction of this book talks about(predicate) how the things in our home ar poisonous to the milieu. The rootage gives examples on these things and these things range from a rubber shoes to a chair up to a computer. The originator points out that there is no such thing as cycle, but we downcycle these things. We workout harmful chemicals to reprocess things. However, the author mentions that consumers should not be guilty of buying these things. The manufacturers should bear the burden of making their products environment friendly. They should be the one to change their processes to make their products less harmful. The author also comments that these manufacturers should not focus on innocent changing the raw materials that they use but to focus on creating something good in their industries. A movement of Design Here, the negative side of the Industrial Revolution is presented by the author. There ar many chemicals that the i ndustrials befuddle been using in manufacturing goods. They are always promising that they are looking for a more environment friendly substances but they are not doing anything about it.As a result, many people are getting sick because of these industrials. Pollution has become rampant, too. That is why these industrials should be banned in using harmful chemicals. Why Being Less Bad is No Good This article talks about how the industrial companies are doing anything to be environment friendly. They are trying to promote recycling of waste materials or to derogate the use of chemicals in their production. However, these methods do not prove to be successful. In recycling materials, there are still chemicals that are used to transform the waste products.This proves that there is no such thing as efficiency in the industrial companies. They will just continue to use harmful chemicals in recycling wastes and other resources. That is why being less bad is no good. It is not possible t hat the industrial companies are using less raw materials in their production and that they can still maximize their profits. What they could do is to think of other ways in which their waste products have other uses. Eco-Effectiveness This part talks about how the industrials should make healthy goods and healthy byproducts. The author gives an example of how a simple building design could better the environment. Natural lighting, good views, and fresh air are just some of the things that the designer should put into setting when designing buildings. This will help in getting the building to be environment friendly because the use of electricity will be minimized and the employees will be inspired with the good views. The industrial companies should be like this, too. They should put into consideration the renewable resources that they could use in replacement of the nonrenewable resources that they are using.

Columbia Gs Admission Essay Essay Example for Free

Columbia Gs Admission analyze EssayMy name is Edgar Martinez. I was born in Cartagena de Indias (Colombia) 34 years ago. My childhood was pretty normal. My parents had enough to win for my little brother and I. My father was a local councilman at the time my mom a homemaker. I always wanted to be a politician like my father I admired him as a matter of fact I still do. I graduated from High School in 1995 and soon after and got drafted to go the Colombian Army. I was sent to Santa Marta a small town find a 200 miles north from my hometown. There I encounter my first experience with the real password and left for good my childhood. In the middle of deployment my father a secretary of Energy for the national governing was kidnaped .After that life was never going to be the same. We waited and waited and waited .. and waited. And after a few weeks a platton of navy blue seals of some sort rescue my father and he was brought back to us alive and almost well. The trauma of bei ng in captivity was devastating for him and the family . My parents desided to send me to the US to be in a safer place. bantam did I know I would never return to live in the place I was born. I came to the US in 1997 directly from Cartagena to Salt Lake City.

School and Bi Essay Example for Free

initiate and Bi EssayThis is the town where his father saw the light of day, and where he sent to continue studying the rudiments of Latin, where he started to learn. Early Schooling Teodora Alonza Realonda * Was the first teacher of Rizal, where he learned the Latin alphabet and the Catholic prayer. Maestro Celestino and Maestro Lucas Padua * A private tutors of Rizal. Leon Monroy * Give the first lessons in Latin. Jose goes to Binan June, 1870 -Jose left Calamba for Binan, where he was attended by Paciano, who acted as his second father. They rode in a carromata. Leandro -a cousin of Rizal, went for sightseeing in the town.First daytime in Binan School Maestro Justiniano Aquino Cruz -owner of the Binan school -tall, thin, long-neck man, w/ the sharp nose and a body bent on(p) slightly forward. Usually wore a sinamay shirt woven by the skillful hands of the Batanguenas. First School Brawl Pedro * The bully classmate of Jose and the son of their teacher Maestro Justiniano. U ncle Manuel * An athlete, the one who taught Jose in arts of wrestling. Andres Lakundanan * Challenged Jose to an arm-wrestling fight. flick Lesson in Binan Juancho An old painter and the father-in-law of the school teacher. Who freely gave a lessons in drawing and painting.Jose Guevara * A classmate of Rizal, who also loved painting, and became the apprentices of the old painter. Daily Life in Binan Jose led a methodical animateness in Binan, which strengthened his body and soul. He recorded in his memiors I heard the four oclock Mass (in the morning), If on that point was one or I analyse my lessons in the same time of day and heard mass afterward. Upon returning, I looked for mabolo fruit in the grove and I ate it. Afterward I took my breakfast, which consisted usually of a plate of boiled rice, and two fried sardinas. Then I went to class, which was over at ten. I went home immediately.If there was a particularly appetizing fish, Leandro and I were told to take it to the house of my auntys sons (a thing which I never did at home, and would never have done). I returned without saying a word, ate with them, and then applied myself to my studies. I went back to school at two, and was out at five. I played for a while with some good cousins before going home. There I studied my lessons, doodled a little, afterward taking my supper of one or two plates of boiled rice and an ayungin. We said our prayers and then, if there was a moon, my friends would call me out to play in the street in company with others.Thanks to God, I never fell sick when away from my parents. Best Students in School Jose beat all Binan boys. He surpassed them all in Spanish, Latin and other subjects. in spite of the reputation I had of being a good boy, the day was unusual when I was not laid out on a terrace given five to six blows End of Binan Schooling Maestro Justiniano informed Joses parents that their child should be sent in college in manila. December, 1871 * Jose received a letter from his sister Saturnina, to inform him of the arrival of the soft-shell clam Talim. Dec. 17, 1871 * Rizal left Binan on Saturday afternoon, he accompanied by Arturo Camps.

Economic Commentary Essay Example for Free

Economic Commentary EssayThis article talks closely a recent profit in the rate of unemployment in the Euro-zone countries due to the fall of the rate of flash, which was caused by a decrease in the crude oil and commodity prices. In this commentary, I bequeath analyze the birth between these two economic problems, discuss their effects and evaluate the possible solutions.Europes inflation dropped from 1.6% to 1.1% in the last two months. According to economic theory, such a fall in the superior general price level (PL) is not ideal because it limits economic growth. In this case, the decrease of inflation rate is caused by a raise in the brusk run aggregate supply (SRAS) due to the fall of the oil and commodity prices. This also reduces the consumers price expectations, therefore decreasing aggregate demand (AD). See graphsThe effects of this state of affairs are double-sided. The fall in the European inflation rate will yen wad with inconsistent incomes, and benefi t people with fixed incomes. Due to the increase in the purchasing power of money, it will hurt borrowers and benefit lenders. As the value of money rises, savings will become more productive however, it will cause a fall in expectations that reduces investment in the stock market. Finally, it will discourage the institution of new ventures although, it will prevent future capital flight.In addition to these effects, inflation provokes unemployment. The European commutation Bank (ECB) has reported that its unemployment rate rose from 7.9% to 8% in December, as inflation decreased. In the European Union, anyone 15 years of age or older who is not blend ining but available for work and actively looking for one is considered unemployed. This type of unemployment is classified as cyclical because it varies with the business cycle.In commit to understand better how unemployment relates to inflation, the economist A.W. Phillips did several studies showing that there is a trade-off betw een them. As inflation increases, people have more money in their hands. This will encourage the government to increase its spending, hence creating new jobs. Phillips designed a curve (PC) that portrayed the relationship between these contradictory macroeconomic goals.Increasing unemployment has the following economic and social costsAccording to Arthur Okun, for every 1% increase in unemployment, there is a 2.5% decrease in the real GDP which will increase government borrowing and budget deficit, leading to a raise in the indebtedness of the countries.More unemployment implies more people insured by the social security programs hence, the government welfare costs will increase. In addition, less people in conditions to pay income taxes will reduce government tax revenues.Unemployment causes an increase in homelessness and, therefore, in highroad violence and crime. Similarly, it incites alcoholism and drug consumption, as well as immigration and suicides.From the PC, it can be cerebrate that a higher inflation will decrease the rate of unemployment in the EU. This, according to the article, will be attempted by the ECB through the implementation of discretionary expansionary fiscal policy, which consists in a raise in money supply and a decrease in interest rate, to increase AD and lower SRAS. This is a policy taken from the Neo-Keynesian macro-model that believes in interventionism and short run measures to prevent deflation. See graphOne of the strengths of monetary policy is the short recognition, decision and execution lags. According to economists Mendel Gordon and Milton Freedman, they vary from 5-10 months and 6-24 months, respectively. One of its weaknesses, identified by Neo-Keynesian fiscal activists, is the weak relate between banks and borrowers. This means that, regardless the interest rate changes, expectations remain unchanged. Fiscal activists also believe that monetary policy works indirectly and, thus, more slowly however, monetary ac tivists claim that it is not slower than fiscal policy.Finally, monetary policy would succeed in increasing the rate of inflation, although it is limited by cash leakages and cinque cash. Moreover, Milton Freedman affirms that it may destabilize the economy because of insufficient information. Consequently, it is better to follow the K% rule which consists in the establishment of a constant money growth rate determined by the Central Bank.

How Social Media is Transforming Events Marketing Management Essay Example for Free

How neighborly Media is Transforming Events trade Management EssayIt is believed that mixer media began prior to the evolution of the mesh. The telephone was the first tool of friendly media that gave peck the chance to fondize and cockle information. However, at the turn of twentieth century, online communication became popular among discordant classs of society. People began to get into virtual communication with the enjoyment of cellular phones and computers. Social networking became popular because it was a locale to draw people towards one another. This was also very universal and its popularity was not limited to a certain(prenominal) age group. Amazingly, brotherly networking and genial media become part of mainstream culture and the origin world (History). It was notice that social media became very valuable not only in socializing and information gathering except also in moving in where there has been greater dependence on the use of internet in prom oting and market of products and/or services. Social media has provided the modern world with easy access to information, socialization and entertainment in the fastest way possible through the advancement of technology.Interestingly, the networks vex become highly interactional and easy that point a neophyte could easily learn to operate it in a short pointedness of time. Social media has transformed into a powerful means of communication exploitation numerous gadgets which curb caught the hobby of a larger number of people, the telephone circuit practitioners take advantage of it to broaden the scope of their market. Truly, with the emergence of social media where people cig bette communicate interactively with one another regardless of distance, business has been given a fussy place and opportunity to advertise or promote their business to a much bigger populace. salutary-nigh authors have recognised the definition of social media provided by Wikipedia as the init ial source of information nigh it. Gradually, different definitions have been formulated to increase peoples awareness of its definition. Safko and Brake mentioned that social media refers to activities, practices, and behaviors among communities of people who gather online to share information, know leadge, and opinions using conversational media (2009 6).On the other hand, Evans has an grow definition of social media. He stated that Social media is the democratization of information, transforming people from content readers into content publishers. It is a shift from a beam mechanism to a umpteen-to-many model, rooted in conversations between authors, people, and peers (2008 33). The author sleep withd various forms of communication use in social media such as internet forums, message boards, weblogs, wikis, podcasts, picture and video (2008 33).Later on, it expanded to include blogs, picture-sharing, blogs, wall-postings, email, instant messaging, music-sharing, group creat ion and voice over IP. Social media has a vast authority as a channel through which promotional activities volition be forwarded to its users. Social medias curious features make it very usable and functional in marketing resultant roles. Evans stated that it is fundamentally different from tralatitious media (2008 33) known as newspaper, television, books, and radio. Social media is interactive media.This is one advantage of social media over traditional media. new(prenominal) advantages include (1) it has different social online channels, (2) it changes over time, and (3) it is participative. The power to solve the auditory modality is what makes social media appealing to business practitioners. Social media is real. Existing right in front of the computer communicating genuinely in a personal way to the customer slightly a product is very advantageous for those who are using social media in marketing or in public relation campaign.Given the real constitution of social m edia, cause marketing has come to its new shape. At the same time, detail marketing has begun to use the services of social media in marketing and promotion. Though at some point, they cater to similar interests that is, man-to-man fundamental interaction and the mesh of people with the companys representatives. Pomer, on the issue of integrating event marketing and social media, described event marketing as a strategy which focuses on face-to-face interaction by attending, sponsoring and speaking at trade shows, industry meet-ups, etc (par. ). Bowdin, Allen and OToole described strategic event marketing as the process by which an event organization aligns business and marketing objectives and the environments in which they occur, with marketing activities that come across the needs of event consumers (2006184). Event marketing has come to its new shape through social media influence No one could deny how social media, being a vehicle of information and communication, has tran sformed event marketing into a more meaningful and highly strategic promotional activity.In Bulmers denomination on the shock absorber of social media on business, he stated that the trend immediately is to build a network or use social media to deepen customer intimacy (par. 1). Social media has been used these years without acknowledging this fact as Bulmer put it. He emphasized that, the ability of social media to change behavior and to fix a professionals decision-making processes is the real essence of success in using this in business. Practically, social medias approach in dealings with the audience in a genuine and an interactive musical mode somehow influences the approaches of event management to its customers.Event marketing management therefore becomes bidelier, customer-oriented, interactive, personal, and dependent on audience feedback. There are several reasons for this. First, admittedly, as Shone and Parry pointed out that human society is complex and inte ractive (2004 50). It means that regardless of culture, different societies celebrate in diverse ways, from the ancient period to the modern times, from a traditional way to a technological way it makes no difference as long as events involve people and rejoicing or activities.Shaping event management following the principles behind social media will help draw a lot of people to the message because there is interaction and flip-flop of communication. Secondly, various events such as festivities, wedding, etc. serve to strengthen social bonds as well as to spread enjoyment around (Shone Parry, 2004 51). Peoples primary intention for celebrating events publicly is to satisfy their hunger for socialization and enjoyment. Thus, involving the company in events in such a way that they express inner contentment for socialization and enjoyment tooshie make events management very successful.Shone and Parry stressed that without the social click that event often give, the feeling of i solation in society can be great (2004 51). Hence, event management must be in the context of the communitys perception of event celebration which is socialization and enjoyment. Given this, certain changes have been observed in conducting event marketing. Borges noted how businesses nowadays acknowledge social media as an effective mechanism for reaching a target market (2009 57).He even emphasized that myopic attitude that a business executive has on social media will eventually lead him to lose the business. Moreover, a business executive having event marketing founded on social media will ultimately be transparent, forthcoming, honest, sincere, and also to contribute something of worth (Borges, 2009 63). Since the events for the purpose of marketing require a group of community participation, the activities involved have had considerable improvement in terms of acceptable approaches in dealing with the community.The companys marketing arm learns to be transparent, forthcoming, honest and sincere in everything they present to begin with their audience. It is different from traditional marketing wherein its objective is purely making people buy or frequent a product using various ways to manipulate their decision-making. Hence, marketing an event for a product, presents live and active interaction and participation from the community online or offline. Event marketing management facilitates Social Media MarketingThe great global financial crisis has brought to the mind of marketing managers the idea of utilizing social media in their promotional activities. The Twitter, Facebook, Flickr, Youtube, and many other social networking channels have been utilized for the purpose of marketing. The peachy news for marketing managers is that it is free. From the explore findings presented by Bulmer in his article, he mentioned several impacts that social media has on business which helped transform event marketing to social media marketing.With such, he recognize d the following findings (1) decision making in the business world today is more social (2) many professionals are using social networking sites particularly Facebook, LinkedIn, and Twitter (3) many decisions have been drawn from information gathered through active users of social media (4) many professionals trust the information they gather from the sites (5) social media users have significantly increased in three years and (6) many professionals collaborate well outside preferably using social media sites than within the organizational intranet (Bulmer).Hence, there is widespread recognition of the impact of social networking in business from the business worlds perspective. The growing business community participation in the online world proves the fact that When you join a group online, you are joining a community (Borges, 2009 63). Social media started to become popular among groups of people for personal use primarily for communication purposes. Eventually, this became a goo d tool to interact, send greetings, and share information to friends. Most importantly, it had become a powerful instrument recognized to support the marketing arm of any business.Through social media, the way people do the business has transformed into social gross sales because people believe in the power of online communication in mobilizing sales teams by building good relationship with customers. Shih recognized that social network marketing talks about the breakthrough new marketing techniques made possible by online social networks (2009 6). Some of these that she mentioned are hypertargeting, deepen ability to capture passive interest and conduct rapid testing and iteration on campaigns, social community engagement, and automated word-of-mouth marketing (Shih, 2009 6).Furthermore, Tobin and Braziel emphasized that social media marketing plan is based on engagement not traffic (2008 79) which means that this type of marketing focuses on web events or the interactions users have with features which could be in form of blogs, comments, post, video views, and many others. Importance of social media in marketing event Availing the use of social media for marketing purposes has a lot to offer to a business. Borges mentioned several benefits of social media parenthesis from the fact that larger potential buyers who are receptive to new information and trend can be met through social network sites.Some of the benefits named are low cost, brand building, staffing advantages, loyalty, level playing field, building trust, convergence of PR and social media for viral marketing, positive SEO benefits, quantifiable metrics, and educational (2008 131-140). In terms of costs, social media requires a low budget which is almost free, for a service that values relationships. Brands are being reinforced through a good content using the internet platform. Thus, it is simpler and appealing to consumers.Few, yet highly happy staff, who can work in an enjoyable work envi ronment are needed when using social media because content is more important here. Using social media builds loyalty among internet users because of its being user-friendly. This is impossible to usher using advertisements and other promotional activities. Besides, all types of people can make use of it like anyone else regardless of economic or social status. Likewise, through a sincere voice in the content, the company can easily acquire trust from the people. In effect, social media as a PR tool can be an integral part of marketing activities.Furthermore, links attached to marketing in social media creates a bridge connecting to the companys website thus increasing the chance of the customer browsing of the webpage. Learning is considered as one of the benefits of social media. Not only do the internet users learn but companies also learn. fortify with this information, social media has evolved from purely socialization and enjoyment to something highly beneficial to businesses . For this reason, there is no doubt for business executives to resort to using social media in one of the tools in marketing an event.ConclusionSocial media has begun be without clear importance rather than for socialization and personal or group enjoyment. However, with the increasing popularity of social networking when the internet was introduced to the public in 1990, this form of social interaction gained remarkable importance not only among the public public but also among business groups locally and internationally. Indeed, the ability of the social media to satisfy the users with its personalized features, has led to the discovery that it could be a potential instrument in shaping the mind of the audience.Social media has unique characteristics. It can change perception, it is very appealing, and it is effective in marketing an event. However, any business executive who wants to use its service must understand how it serves the public. Its special features that draw peop le together from all walks of life are derived from an honest, transparent, forthcoming and sincere way of dealing with one another. This same way is expected among event marketers in order that marketing of events will be appropriate to users expectations.

Insider Trading Essay Example for Free

Insider Trading EssayOur era aptly has been styled, and well may be remembered as, the age of cultivation. Francis Bacon recognized nearly 400 years ago that knowledge is power, (Nickels ,McHugh 2011) Insider trading is an wrong activity in which insiders use private company information to further their own fortunes or those of their families or friends.Pg.101Insider trading is a term that includes both legal and illegal conduct. The legal version is when corporate insidersofficers, directors, and employees bargain and sell production line in their own companies. Illegal insider trading refers generally to buying or marketing a security, in breach of a fiduciary duty or other relationship of conceive and confidence, while in possession of material, nonpublic information or so the security.(Agnello Donnelley 1975) Stated if every member of a community has unlimited access to the resources of the community, then the communitys resources soon will be used up unless they au thorise to be available in infinite supply. The system of private ownership of assets, by contrast, effectively drop use the price system to ration the assets in such a way as to economize them properly and to benefit all members of the community.pg. 521The Insider Trading DebateArthur Levitt stated in 1998 that more Americans were investing in the stock market than ever before and Americans had almost twice as much money invested in the stock market as in commercial banks. The illegal version of insider trading most of us think of is the type of insider trading that achieved wide-spread in the 1980s with the SECs civil cases and the United States Department of Justices criminal cases against Michael Milken and Ivan Boesky which inspire even Hollywoods imagination with the movie Wall Street. It is the trading that takes place when those privileged with confidential information well-nigh important events use the special advantage of that knowledge to reap profits or avoid losings on the stock market, to the detriment of the source of the information and to the typical investors who buy or sell their stock without the advantage of inside information.According to ( Manne 1966) Some argue that insider trading is a legitimate form of salary for corporate employees, permitting lower salaries that, in turn, benefit shareholders. It provides an incentive to innovation, some argue, by promising huge rewards for exploitation a plan or product that will lead to a precipitous rise in the stock. (Easterbrook 1985). Found that Members of the legal community denounce the practice of insider trading. They view insider trading as an wrong abuse of power by corporate officers and directors. people who have invested resources to develop their human capital to offend assimilate information, or corporate officers and directors are always going to have superior access to information.The case of USA vs Raj RajaratnamAn excellent example referring to insider trading would be t he Raj Rajaratnam incident. (Belczyk U.S. lawyers Office 2011). A federal jury in the US District Court for the Southern District of impudent York anchor that Galleon Group hedge fund founder Raj Rajaratnam orchestrated the largest hedge fund insider trading case in US history and convicted Rajaratnam on all 14 counts of insider trading including five counts of conspiracy to commit securities imposter and nine counts of committing securities fraud from 2003 to March 2009. In just over 18th months, this office has charged 47 individuals with insider trading crimes Rajaratnam is the 35 person to be convicted. On Oct. 2011 Rajaratnam was sentenced to 11 years in prison In addition to his prison term, Rajaratnam was sentenced to two years of supervised release and ordered to pay forfeiture in the amount of $53,816,434 and a $10 million fine. RAJARATNAM will surrender to authorities on November 28, 2011. (Richey 2011) On January 20, 2011 Danielle Chiesi was arrested in 2009 along wit h Galleon Group hedge fund founder Raj Rajaratnam.After pleading guilty in linkup with the case and was accuse of communicating non-public information about IBM Corporation, Advanced Microdevices (AMD) and Sun Microsystems (now Sun-Oracle) in 2008 and 2009 to her superiors at reinvigorated Castle Funds LLC, a Manhattan-based investment advisory company formerly part of Bear Stearns. Danielle was accused of using the information to reap more than $4 million in illegal profits for New Castle. Danielle Chiesi admitted to exploiting her access to valuable non-public information to reap $1.7 million in illegal gains. By sharing and conspiring to handicraft on inside information, Chiesi compromised the companies she sold out and distorted the market for their stocks. (Richey 2011)Former IBM senior vice electric chair Robert Moffat was sentenced to six months in prison in September and ordered him to pay a $50,000 fine for his government agency in the scheme after pleading guilty in M arch 2010. Former Intel Capital decision maker Rajiv Goel pleaded guilty to insider trading charges in February 2010. Rajaratnam, Chiesi, Goel and Moffat were arrested in October 19, 2009 and charged along with two other individuals and two demarcation entities with insider trading. The complaint alleged that the individuals provided Galleon Group and another hedge fund with material nonpublic information about several corporations upon which the funds traded, generating $25 million in illicit gain.ReferencesAgnello Donnelley, Property Rights and EJjiciency in the Oyster Industry, 18 J.L. ECON. (1975) pg. 521Easterbrook, Insider Trading as an Agency Problem, in PRINCIPALS AND AGENTS THE STRUCTURE OF BUSINESS (Pratt Zeckhauser eds. 1985). Pg. 330 Henry B. Manne, Insider Trading and the Stock securities industry (1966) (insider trading increases market efficiency because it produces desirable incentives on corporate managers). Retrieved from http//www.sec.gov/news/speech/speecha rchive/1966speech.shtml Jaclyn Belczyk U.S. ATTORNEYS OFFICE(2011) May 11, 2011. Retrieved from http//jurist.org/paperchase/2011/05/us-hedge-fund-founder-convicted-of-insider-trading.php jurist Legal News Research (2011) Jaclyn Belczyk, Daniel Richey Retrieved from http//jurist.org Testimony of Arthur Levitt Concerning Appropriation for Fiscal Year 1999 March 19, 1998 Before the Subcommittee on Commerce, Justice, State and Judiciary of the Senate Committee Appropriations. Retrieved from http//www.sec.gov/news/speech/speecharchive/1998/spch221.htm Understanding Business Nickels, McHugh, McHugh pg. 101United States Attorney Southern District of New York (2011), U.S. ATTORNEYS OFFICE ELLEN DAVIS, CARLY SULLIVAN,JERIKA RICHARDSON,EDELI RIVERAPUBLIC INFORMATION OFFICE Retrieved from http//www.justice.gov/usao/nys/pressreleases/May11/rajaratnamrajverdictpr.pd

Term welfare Essay Example for Free

Term public assistance EssayGovernment benefits provided to pack with little or no income are referred as social welfare benefits. The bourne welfare can refer to a number of different programs in the United States, but oft refer to cash assistance. In almost cases, this gold may be used however the recipient role wishes. In others, the money can only be used for specific uses, such as victuals stamps that can only be used to buy groceries. The welfare state expands on this concept to embarrass services such as universal healthcare and unemployment insurance. To what extent are welfare measures necessary in democratic countries ? What can be the abuses and how could we solutionate those1/ the importance of welfareHealth CareA capital advantages of welfare benefits is promoting the health of the people receiving the benefits Since there is a general correlation between income and health. People who live with no income and no health care will, statistically, live short er and less healthy lives than people who afford abounding income to buy proper food and to pay for medical care.Support for ChildrenWhile many adults are fitting to make choices about how more income they choose to cod, children cant . Children must generally affirm on the money that their parents are able to make. public assistance payments, particularly those that are directed for the care of children, allow children to grow up with better nutrition, medical care and possessions that make for a more comfortable standard of living.Lower abominationThe provision of welfare has been shown to lower crime. Although some may argue that welfare constitutes a bribe, providing people with some income takes away an incentive to commit property crimes designed to provide the person with money or property. Welfare alleviates some of an individuals economic need, thereby lowering crime and increasing the general st qualification of society as a whole.Income DistributionAnother advanta ge of welfare benefits is that it more evenly distributes a societys wealth. Some many consider this a benefit in itself. However, others may consider providing money to people who did not piss it to be unfair. There is, according to Arnold, a demonstrated correlation between income distribution in a society and that societys stability. Societies with greater inequities in wealth generally suffer more social and political turmoil. societal welfare programs today provide assistance to the elderly, the unemployed, the disabled and the destitute. While these may at first scan appear to be noble undertakings, there are some who adumbrate there are disadvantages of the programs, both to the individual and to society as a whole.Among some of the majors disadvantages suggested is the high cost of these programs. Opponents of social welfare programs often argue that governances simply cannot sustain the cost of providing financial support to so many elements of society. among 1984 and 2002, social welfare programs, including Social Security and Medicare, accounted for between 49 and 60 percent of federal government spending.DisincentivePointing to Harvard University Professor of Economics Gregory Manikws 10 Principles of Economics, opponents suggest social welfare programs, particularly for the underemployed or unemployed, create disincentives for people to find gainful employment. Manikw asserts that people respond to incentives. For example, they work because there is an incentive to earn an income and support themselves. Social welfare programs risk removing this incentive by providing income for someone who is not working or who is unwilling to work, meaning they no longer have a need to produce.Sponsored LinksModles de LettreTous forward-lookingles de lettres et documents sur lettres.netlettres.netEconomic ImpactAccording to Mankiw, a societys standard of living is dependent on its ability to produce goods efficiently. More workers producing more goods incr eases the economic output of a society, thereby increasing the amount of income. When people lose the incentive to produce, the nations productivity goes down and income decreases. This can in turn increase the burden on governments to support the welfare system and result in ever higher costs. When governments print too much money, the rate of inflation increases, raising the price of goods for everyone.Government ControlMany opponents of social welfare programs suggest these programs create circumstances in which governments gain too much control over individual citizens. Citizens who rely on government programs for income and sustenance are in a position to allow government to have more say in their individual choices. Opponents argue that social programs allow governments to inspect rules on day-after-day choices of welfare recipients because the government is paying for the services. Proponents further argue that even if government does not currently impose such rules, they m ay assert their ability to do so in the future.

Requirement Model For Student Monitoring Systems

Requirement Model For Student Monitoring SystemsThe focus of this study is to get a expert fate model for Student attending Monitoring Systems (SAMS) in secondary instruct. It is aimed at governance occasion who want to know how to design an streamlined SAMS. At the end of this study, a SAMS icon tout ensembleow for be designed based on the requirement model and also analyze user acceptance of this carcass.A generation ago, either in principle or in practice, attention was not optional. Today, often in principle and or so in practice, it is optional (Romer, 1993). agree to Lim, Sim and Mansor (2009), most educational institutions administrators atomic number 18 concerned round school-age child irregular attending. Shendell et al. (2004) defines it end affect student in overall academic performance. Romer (1993) found that attendance did contribute significantly to the academic performance of students. There are a slightly stronger relationship amid attendance and performance. Also, Durden Ellis (1995) conclude that attendance does matter for academic achievement. Thus, it fakes student attendance mandatory in instills (Romer, 1993), (Woltz, 1955).Yet, almost everyone noticed that attendance in schools is far from perfect (Romer, 1993). There kick in a lack of school attendance data and a lack of consistency in the definition and measurement of non-attendance (Bourke, Rigby Burden, 2000). Large schools are to a greater extent likely to have problems with student attendance than small ones (Epstein Sheldon, 2002). Everyday, school staffs spends much time to encompass students attendance. There are galore(postnominal) problems when recording data manually (Ric vexed, 2005). Sometimes, the attendances record books were missing. In real situation, it is hard for school staffs to search students record by looking at attendances record books one by one. direct staffs usually spend much time to find the students record especially when there are more classes in the school.Furthermore, parents whitethorn miss to get some(prenominal) information or letter from schools when their children didnt attend to school. According to Epstein Sheldon (2002), high school staffs communications with parents ab egress attendance can appendd student attendance and reduced inveterate absenteeism.Hence, by creating school attendance musical arrangement is one of the best solutions to address this problem. The frame should help school staffs to take attendance for student especially in secondary schools. It must make the passage of taking the attendance easier, faster and secure as compared to conventional method. The conventional method of taking attendance by calling names or signing on paper is very time consuming, inefficient, and precarious (Ervasti, Isomursu, Kinnula, 2009), (Lim, Sim Mansor, 2009). It is a one way that helps teachers or school staffs reducing the taken time to carry out routine processes and enable them c onnected with parents by sending real-time information on their childrens attendance instantly if students are not-attended to school more than the limit. Thus, teacher have more time for teaching. (Ervasti, Isomursu, Kinnula, 2009).Problem StatementIn schools, attendance is fundamental and mandatory. Nowadays, due to enlarge of information technology environment, it is efficient to use teach Attendance Monitoring System (SAMS) to manage attendance in secondary schools. In recent years, transcription designers have expands many ways and characteristics in design a good brass. The problem of this study is to identify important characteristics to design a good SAMS, set up a requirement model, and build a prototype for testing user acceptance. The requirement model must meet the user needs, goals and constraints in order to mend the important feature, relations and design implications. The requirement must be specify understandably about what and how the SAMS should perform.Obj ectivesTo become a SAMSs requirement model for secondary school.To design and build a prototype of SAMS.To help another(prenominal) system bring outer in spite of appearance related subject.ScopeThe study will be conducted within the Kampar dominion, Perak. All schools chosen for survey will be secondary schools only. Similarly, there are nine secondary schools in Kampar district (sample size). People who manage secondary school organizations are the only respondents of the study. The population is between 15 to 25 or more school staffs. The particular focus areas of the study would include attendance system which is already used in secondary schools.LITERATURE REVIEWAccording to Epstein Sheldon (2002), reducing the rates of student chronic absenteeism has been and continues to be a goal of many schools and school systems. In 1999, a student tracking system involving a database is being trialed in government and non-government schools Western Australia (Bourke, Rigby Burden , 2000). The student tracking system involved a set of processes, procedures and systems which can identify and monitor the location of students.In the Torres Strait schools, they used a system called Student info Management System (SIMS). The SIMS provides a good quality data regarding student attendance. This computer-based system collates individual class attendance records on a weekly basis (Bourke, Rigby Burden, 2000).The relationship between staffs and parents was seen as vitally important by parents and principals. The student survey results indicated that attendance levels were significantly higher among students when teachers got in fleck with their parents to talk about how they were going at school (Bourke, Rigby Burden, 2000). Therefore, in schools where students have attendance problems, school staffs may need to go beyond the school building to involve parents in reducing absenteeism (Epstein Sheldon, 2002). Hence, student attendance monitoring system should help school staffs and parents easy to communicate.There are varieties of opportunities for implementing IT in management education. engineering science can be used to facilitate the display of information, to increase access to external explicit information, and to increase the sharing and construction of knowledge (Leidner Jarvenpaa, 1995) but some of the use of this technology is not yet widespread, efficient and practical for implementation of data management (Wayman, et. al., 2004).Implementation of an application system can present many unforeseen challenges. The get-go step toward implementing a student data analysis system should be to well assess the data, needs, and resources available to a school or district. The successful implementation is important for the long-term study of a data based decision-making climate (Wayman, et. al, 2004).Fig. 1 shows the model for integrated functional requirement which has been explained by Malet et al. (2007)Figure 1 Model for Integrated Functional RequirementIn Fig. 1, functions can be joined with ad hoc processes. The technical realization of functions takes place in these processes. Functions can also be related to specific positions in the ware structure. As a result of linking the requirements with functions, functions to processes and the intersection point structure, an indirect relation between requirements, processes and the product structure has been established (Malet et al., 2007).There are many views of softwares training or study process though that has evolved over the years. What follows is a brief discussion of the theories of the software development process that recently used today. The initiative formal description of the software development process model is published in 1970 by Winston W. Royce. below is one of the software development processs modelFigure 2 Conceptual model of software development processAccording to Royce (1970), firstly, developer must analyze user requirements. Afte r that, make requirement specifications by clearly set out necessary features of system based on user requirement. Then, developer can design a suitable solution and do implementation by develop the proposed solution. In addition, developer must test the system to ensure that the solution solves the original problem and works in context. Lastly, developer must maintain the system.METHODOLOGYFig. 3 shows the requirement modeling process which has been explained by Malet et al. (2007)Figure 3 Requirement modeling processThe first step is elicitation of requirements. The requirements will be based on collected data. The sites are the secondary school managing departments. The sampling frame will be based on the list of the secondary schools within area of Kampar district, Perak. The sample size will be nine secondary schools. The population is between 15 to 25 or more employees including principal, clerks, and teachers. The method of data collection is by questionnaire and interview. A ccording to Creswell (1994), measurement instrument can helps in get a quantifiable data. A questionnaire will be given to each employee within the sampling to get employees personal details, personal experiences of using any school attendance system, problem with alive attendance system and an opinion or suggestion for the future systems developer. The purpose of the study and how to answer the questionnaire will be explained to the employees under study. During interview session, the informants will be selected individuals within the sample employees who had an experience of using any school attendance system.The second step is analyzing the requirements. All user requirements will be investigated. The data will be analyzed and displayed using SPSS 16.00. The percentage, the mean and statistic formula (ANOVA) will be used when describing the data. It will be interpreted and translated into a form that suitable for other developer (sequence diagram, activity diagram, class diagram and so on). A requirement specifications model will be defined by clearly set out necessary features of SAMS.The 3rd step is managing the requirements. In this step, a prototype of SAMS will be design and built based on user requirement model by using several types of tool such as Dreamweaver CS4, Photoshop CS4 and etc. The programming language that will be used for building the system is PHP. During this system development lifecycle, requirements magnate be change and evolve. These changes need to be tracked and traced (Malet et al., 2007).Lastly, the fulfillment of requirements needs to be validated with practical(prenominal) or physical tests. A product is deemed successful (by means of satisfying the customer) if all requirements are fulfill (Malet et al.,2007). SAMS will be tested to ensure that the solution solves the original problem and integrate the system to make sure that the solution will working in circumstance. The user acceptance testing will be done by choosin g user randomly within the sample.Requirements modeling takes place in all phases of product development. More emphasis needs to be put on later development phases such as usage, recycling and maintenance. The knowledge gained in these phases, once included in the development process, can accelerate the development of new products (Malet et al.,2007).EXPECTED FINDINGSAt the end of this study, the requirement model can help any system designers to design good SAMS for secondary schools. They will know how to design useful, usable and desirable SAMS such as in the system should contain the right functions, secure and must be user friendly. SAMS should contain all these basic needs of attendance system.Below shows the flow of Students Attendance Monitoring Systems (SAMS)1Recordattendance2Checkattendance3Processdata4Savedata5SendemailFigure 4 The flow of Students Attendance Monitoring Systems (SAMS).SAMS should helps school staffs records students attendance, checks either student is pr esent or absent, process the attendance data, save it and send an email to the parents if student was absent more than three days.SIGNIFICANCEThe aimed of requirement model for Student Attendance Monitoring System (SAMS) is to help system designer in designing a good attendance system and also conduct them to develop the attendance system in the future. Attendance system are important because can gives many get ahead to schools such as security on attendance, reduce work time on taking attendance and create connection between school staffs and parents.CONCLUSIONThere is no comprehensive and generally recognised manual on how to design good human factors into computer systems (Shackel, 1984) but there are a lot of guideline on how to design a system. However, this requirement model can guide any system designers who want straightly focus to design Student Attendance Monitoring System (SAMS). Creativity and knowledgeability are required to make a great SAMS. The system should be usa ble. Usability consists of many pieces such as system performance, system functions, user interfaces organization and so on.REFERRENCESBourke, C. J., Rigby, K., Burden J. (2000). Better Practice in naturalise Attendance modify the SchoolAttendance of Indigenous Students. Commonwealth of Australia. 1-62.Creswell, J. W. (1994). Research design. Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches. gigabyte Oaks,California Sage.Durden, G. C. Ellis, L. V. (1995). The Effects of Attendance on Student Learning in Principles ofEconomics, The American Economic Review, cover and Proceedings of the Hundredth and Seventh Annual Meeting of the American Economic association Washington, 85(2), 343-346.Epstein, J. L., Sheldon, S. B. (2002). Present and Accounted for Improving Student Attendance ThroughFamily and Community Involvement. Educational Research and Improvement. 95(5). 308-318.Ervasti, M., Isomursu, M., Kinnula, M. (2009). Bringing Technology into School NFC-enabled SchoolAttendance Supervis ion. ACM 978-1-60558-846-9 09Leidner, D. E. Jarvenpaa S. L. (1995). The Use of Information Technology to Enhance ManagementSchool Education A divinatory View. MIS Quarterly Special Issue on IS Curricula andPedagogy, 19(3), 265-291.Lim, T. S., Sim, S. C. Mansor, M. M. (2009). RFID Based Attendance System, Symposium on IndustrialElectronics and Applications (ISIEA 2009), 2, 778-782.Maletz, M., Blouin, J. G., Schnedl, H., Brisson, D., Zamazal, K. (2007). A holistic Approach forIntegrated Requirements Modeling in the Product ontogenesis Process. The Virtual Vehicle-Research Center, Graz, Austria. 1-10.Richard, L. (2005). Handling Qualitative entropy A Practical Guide. Thousand Oaks, California Sage.Romer, D. (1993). Do Students Go to Class? Should They?. Journal of Economics Perspectives, 7(3), 167-174.Royce, W. W. (1970). Managing the Development of Large Software Systems. Proceedings IEEE WESCON. 1-9.Shackel, B. (984). Information Technology A challenge to ergonomics and design. Behaviour andInformation Technology. 3. 263-275.Shendell, D. G., Prill, R., Fisk, W. J., Apte, M. G., Blake, D. Faulkner, D. (2004). Associationsbetween Classroom CO2 Concentrations and Student Attendance in Washington and Idaho. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory LBNL report LBNL-54413. Retrieved from http//www.escholarship.org/uc/item/88r0924rWayman, J. C., Stringfield, S., Yakimowski, M. (2004). Software Enabling School ImprovementThrough Analysis Of Student Data. Research on the Education of Students, 67.Woltz, C. K. (1955). Compulsary Attendance at School. Law and Comtemporary Problems. 20(1), 3-22.